How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit for baking?

To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 9, divide by 5, then add 32. Formula: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. For example, 180°C = (180 × 9/5) + 32 = 356°F.

How do I convert Fahrenheit to Celsius for baking?

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, subtract 32, multiply by 5, then divide by 9. Formula: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9. For example, 350°F = (350 - 32) × 5/9 = 176.7°C.

What is 180°C in Fahrenheit?

180°C equals 356°F. This is a common moderate baking temperature used for cakes, cookies, and many breads.

What is 350°F in Celsius?

350°F equals approximately 177°C (176.7°C). This is a very common baking temperature in American recipes.

What are common baking temperatures?

Common baking temperatures: 150°C/300°F (slow - delicate items, meringues), 160°C/320°F (low - some cakes), 180°C/350°F (moderate - most common, used for cakes, cookies, most breads), 190°C/375°F (medium-high - quick breads, some cookies), 200°C/400°F (hot - pizza, some breads, roasting), 220°C/425°F (very hot - pizza, artisan breads), 230°C/450°F (very hot - high-heat applications). 180°C/350°F is the most versatile temperature and works well for most baking. Higher temperatures are used for items that need quick browning or crust formation.

Is my oven temperature accurate?

Many ovens are inaccurate - dial settings can be off by 10-25°C. To check accuracy, place an oven thermometer in the center of your oven and preheat to a specific temperature. Compare the thermometer reading to your dial setting. If there's a significant difference, you may need to adjust your dial or have the oven calibrated. Some ovens have a calibration feature in their settings. For precise baking, always use an oven thermometer rather than relying solely on the dial.

Do I need to adjust for convection ovens?

Yes, convection ovens (with fans) cook faster and more evenly than conventional ovens. When converting recipes: Reduce the temperature by 15-25°C (or 25-50°F), OR reduce the baking time by about 25%. For example, if a recipe calls for 180°C for 30 minutes in a conventional oven, use 165°C for 30 minutes, or 180°C for 22-23 minutes in a convection oven. Convection ovens are great for even browning but can dry out some baked goods, so monitor closely. Some convection ovens have a "convection bake" setting that automatically adjusts.

What if I don't have the exact temperature?

If your oven doesn't have the exact temperature, choose the closest setting. For most baking, being within 5-10°C is acceptable. If you're between settings (e.g., need 190°C but only have 180°C and 200°C), choose the lower temperature and bake slightly longer, or the higher temperature and reduce time slightly. Lower temperatures are generally safer - you can always bake longer, but you can't undo over-baking. For very precise recipes (like macarons), exact temperature matters more, so consider using an oven thermometer to find the right setting.

How do I convert gas mark temperatures?

Gas mark (used in UK) conversions: Gas Mark 1 = 140°C/275°F, Gas Mark 2 = 150°C/300°F, Gas Mark 3 = 170°C/325°F, Gas Mark 4 = 180°C/350°F, Gas Mark 5 = 190°C/375°F, Gas Mark 6 = 200°C/400°F, Gas Mark 7 = 220°C/425°F, Gas Mark 8 = 230°C/450°F, Gas Mark 9 = 240°C/475°F. Gas Mark 4 (180°C/350°F) is the most common baking temperature. Use this calculator to convert the Celsius equivalent of gas marks to Fahrenheit if needed.

Oven Temperature Conversion Calculator

Convert oven temperatures between Celsius and Fahrenheit for baking recipes.

Celsius (°C)

Fahrenheit (°F)

Common Baking Temperatures

150°C = 300°F (Slow baking)

160°C = 320°F (Low)

180°C = 350°F (Moderate)

200°C = 400°F (Hot)

220°C = 425°F (Very hot)

230°C = 450°F (Very hot)

How This Tool Works

This calculator converts oven temperatures between Celsius and Fahrenheit using the standard conversion formulas. The conversion is essential when following recipes from different countries or regions - American recipes typically use Fahrenheit, while European and most other countries use Celsius. Accurate temperature conversion is crucial for baking success, as even small temperature differences can affect how your baked goods rise, brown, and cook through.

The formulas are mathematical conversions: Celsius to Fahrenheit multiplies by 9/5 and adds 32, while Fahrenheit to Celsius subtracts 32 and multiplies by 5/9. These formulas ensure precise conversions. However, keep in mind that oven temperatures can vary - your oven's actual temperature may differ from the dial setting. Using an oven thermometer is recommended to verify your oven's accuracy, especially for precise baking tasks.

Conversion Formulas

The formulas used for conversion are:

°F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
°C = (°F - 32) × 5/9

Examples:

180°C = (180 × 9/5) + 32 = 324 + 32 = 356°F
350°F = (350 - 32) × 5/9 = 318 × 5/9 = 176.7°C
200°C = (200 × 9/5) + 32 = 360 + 32 = 392°F
375°F = (375 - 32) × 5/9 = 343 × 5/9 = 190.6°C

Common Baking Temperatures Reference

150°C / 300°F: Slow baking - delicate items, meringues, drying
160°C / 320°F: Low temperature - some cakes, slow-roasting
180°C / 350°F: Moderate - most common baking temperature, cakes, cookies, breads
190°C / 375°F: Medium-high - quick breads, some cookies, roasting vegetables
200°C / 400°F: Hot - pizza, some breads, roasting
220°C / 425°F: Very hot - pizza, artisan breads, high-heat roasting
230°C / 450°F: Very hot - pizza, some breads, high-heat applications

Oven Temperature Tips

Use an Oven Thermometer: Oven dials are often inaccurate - verify actual temperature with a thermometer
Preheat Properly: Always preheat your oven for 15-20 minutes to ensure it reaches the set temperature
Temperature Variations: Oven temperatures can vary by 10-25°C - know your oven's quirks
Hot Spots: Most ovens have hot spots - rotate pans halfway through baking for even cooking
Convection vs. Conventional: Convection ovens cook faster - reduce temperature by 15-25°C or reduce time by 25%
Altitude Adjustments: At high altitudes, you may need to increase temperature by 5-10°C
Oven Door: Avoid opening the oven door frequently - each opening drops temperature significantly
Calibration: If your oven is consistently off, consider having it calibrated or adjust recipes accordingly

FAQ

How do I convert Celsius to Fahrenheit for baking?
To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 9, divide by 5, then add 32. Formula: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. For example, 180°C = (180 × 9/5) + 32 = 356°F.
How do I convert Fahrenheit to Celsius for baking?
To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius, subtract 32, multiply by 5, then divide by 9. Formula: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9. For example, 350°F = (350 - 32) × 5/9 = 176.7°C.
What is 180°C in Fahrenheit?
180°C equals 356°F. This is a common moderate baking temperature used for cakes, cookies, and many breads.
What is 350°F in Celsius?
350°F equals approximately 177°C (176.7°C). This is a very common baking temperature in American recipes.
What are common baking temperatures?
Common baking temperatures: 150°C/300°F (slow - delicate items, meringues), 160°C/320°F (low - some cakes), 180°C/350°F (moderate - most common, used for cakes, cookies, most breads), 190°C/375°F (medium-high - quick breads, some cookies), 200°C/400°F (hot - pizza, some breads, roasting), 220°C/425°F (very hot - pizza, artisan breads), 230°C/450°F (very hot - high-heat applications). 180°C/350°F is the most versatile temperature and works well for most baking. Higher temperatures are used for items that need quick browning or crust formation.
Is my oven temperature accurate?
Many ovens are inaccurate - dial settings can be off by 10-25°C. To check accuracy, place an oven thermometer in the center of your oven and preheat to a specific temperature. Compare the thermometer reading to your dial setting. If there's a significant difference, you may need to adjust your dial or have the oven calibrated. Some ovens have a calibration feature in their settings. For precise baking, always use an oven thermometer rather than relying solely on the dial.
Do I need to adjust for convection ovens?
Yes, convection ovens (with fans) cook faster and more evenly than conventional ovens. When converting recipes: Reduce the temperature by 15-25°C (or 25-50°F), OR reduce the baking time by about 25%. For example, if a recipe calls for 180°C for 30 minutes in a conventional oven, use 165°C for 30 minutes, or 180°C for 22-23 minutes in a convection oven. Convection ovens are great for even browning but can dry out some baked goods, so monitor closely. Some convection ovens have a "convection bake" setting that automatically adjusts.
What if I don't have the exact temperature?
If your oven doesn't have the exact temperature, choose the closest setting. For most baking, being within 5-10°C is acceptable. If you're between settings (e.g., need 190°C but only have 180°C and 200°C), choose the lower temperature and bake slightly longer, or the higher temperature and reduce time slightly. Lower temperatures are generally safer - you can always bake longer, but you can't undo over-baking. For very precise recipes (like macarons), exact temperature matters more, so consider using an oven thermometer to find the right setting.
How do I convert gas mark temperatures?
Gas mark (used in UK) conversions: Gas Mark 1 = 140°C/275°F, Gas Mark 2 = 150°C/300°F, Gas Mark 3 = 170°C/325°F, Gas Mark 4 = 180°C/350°F, Gas Mark 5 = 190°C/375°F, Gas Mark 6 = 200°C/400°F, Gas Mark 7 = 220°C/425°F, Gas Mark 8 = 230°C/450°F, Gas Mark 9 = 240°C/475°F. Gas Mark 4 (180°C/350°F) is the most common baking temperature. Use this calculator to convert the Celsius equivalent of gas marks to Fahrenheit if needed.